The quality of the construction material is required to be improved in order to enhance the structure more stable. From the earlier days, admixture plays a vital role in concrete to improve the structural properties. In this work, an attempt has been made to study the possibilities of using tamarind kernel powder as an admixture in concrete. The addition of tamarind kernel powder is varied from 0% to 3% at 0.5% intervals. The flexural strength test was carried out on prisms and beams. The Tamarind kernel powder admixed reinforced concrete beam has higher load carrying capacity than conventional reinforced concrete beam.

In this study we discuss about the calculated AOT, the relationship function between AOT and estimated Particulate matter with diameter less than ten micrometre (PM10) in the atmosphere from the satellite imagery of LANDSAT 7 ETM+ slc-off. The main objective of this study to determine Particulate Matter (PM10) concentration has been exceed that annual mean value of NAAQS value with huge variation. Estimated PM10 concentration were also compared with the Ground PM10 data estimated from different location of Chennai region during 2011-2012. The retrieval result gives the accuracy of correlation coefficient of (R>0.9) over Chennai region. The derived result provide confidence that multispectral algorithm PM10 model can make accurate prediction of PM10 concentration of various locations.

Satellites used for remote sensing are, in general, capable of acquiring two different types of images: multispectral (MS) images and a panchromatic (Pan) image. The MS sensors provide multiband images with accurate spectral (color) information but with low spatial resolution. In this project, we propose an edge preserving multiresolution fusion by using subsampled as well as nonsubsampled CT. a close approximation (initial estimate) to the final fused image is first obtained using the available Pan, MS image, and the CT/NSCT, which is then used in deriving the relation between LR and HR MS images and also the edges in the final fused image. The final fused MS image is obtained by using regularization for which we use a homogenous MRF prior that requires simple gradient based optimization in order to obtain the final solution.

In wireless sensor network routing protocol design and energy savings optimization is important because most of times nodes are in moving condition and deployed in remote area. This work focuses on minimizing energy consumption and maximizing network lifetime for data relay in one-dimensional queue network. An Energy Saving via Opportunistic Routing (ENS_OR) algorithm is designed to ensure minimum power cost during data relay and protect the nodes with relatively low residual energy. ENS_OR adopts a new concept called energy equivalent node (EEN), which selecting relay nodes based on opportunistic routing theory, to derive the optimal transmission distance for energy saving and maximizing the lifetime of whole network

In a view to reduce environment pollution due to synthetic polymers, research is focusing to develop materials made from natural resource. Natural fiber reinforced composites have been widely used in the variety of applications. Natural fiber composites may suffer when the material is exposed to adverse environments for long period of time. This work will focus on pineapple fiber which is an extremely valuable natural fiber with robust mechanical properties. Pineapple fiber reinforced with hybrid polymer composites will be subjected to tensile and flexure & vibration test. The fiber used in composite is treated by immersing pineapple into three different chemicals like NaoH, KMnO4&KOH solution. Simulation results will be obtained from FEA and compared with experimental results. The influence of different parameters vibration, fracture, tensile and flexural properties of composites will be evaluated using ANOVA and significant changes in both strength and modulus will be observed.

To characterize heart functionality automatic segmentation of the Left Ventricle endocardium from ultrasound (US) images is a essential step. There are several advantages involved in solving this problem in echocardiography. To access cardiac function of the heart in ultrasound images segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) is an important task. This paper presents a methodology for the segmentation of the LV in three-dimensional echo cardiographic images based on the probabilistic data association filter with canny edge detection. The proposed methodology begins with user input and it comprises the following feature hierarchical approaches such as edge detection in the vicinity of the surface, edge grouping to obtain potential LV surface patches, patch filtering using a shape- PDAF framework (high-level features) and Canny edge detection. This method provides good performance accuracy than the state-of-the-art segmentation methodologies

The conventional patterns like narrow beams are often used for point-to- point communications and also for high angular resolution radars. These patterns are not preferred for search and track as it takes considerable number of scans. When the target is moving very fast, it is difficult to follow narrow beam into sector beam and then scan them. This conversion is attempted in the present work by designing optimized phase distribution it by the narrow beams. It is more so with analog phase shifters. It is therefore, preferred to convert with specified beamwidth. Taylor’s amplitude distribution is designed for SLL of -35dB. Phase function is evaluated using energy relations and stationary phase. Introducing amplitude along with phase function to the arrays, patterns are generated. They are presented in u-domain for both small and large arrays.

In this paper two methods developed to reduce the outlet water temperature of the cross flow cooling tower in DCW limited. Due to reduction of the outlet water temperature the cooling range will be increased and it also leads to the increase the efficiency of the overall power plant. The first method deals with the water path cooling. The decrease in the outlet water temperature by using water path cooling is proved by the conventional heat transfer formulae. The second method deals with the decrease the liquid to gas flow ratio(L/G) by increasing the air velocity with the help of cylinder blocks near the louvers of cooling tower. Decrease in the outlet water temperature by using decrease the L/G ratio proved by the combination of literature review and CFD analysis of air flow.

A sandwich panel is made by aluminum, polypropylene and silicone rubber with the help of vertical injection molding. It showed a greater improvement in its material property. The considerable increase in the energy absorption rate has been noticed, thereby increasing the efficiency of the material. The influence of impregnated aluminum at different concentration on wear and friction behavior of polypropylene is discussed. In present study, report suggests that silicone rubberimpregnation can considerably improve the tribological properties of polypropylene. Sandwich composites consist of two thin, stiff and strong skins separated by a thick, light and weaker core. The faces and the core material are bonded together with an adhesive to facilitate the load transfer mechanisms between the components. This particular layered composition creates a structural element with both high bending stiffness – weight and bending strength – weight ratios. Sandwich structures are often used in the marine, aerospace, train and automotive industries. Density measurements indicated that, small reductions in the density of polypropylene incorporating aluminium, even though the aluminium itself has a higher density than the used polypropylene. A possible reason for this is that the addition of silicone rubber causes a decrease in the crystalline of the molded blocks. It can be concluded that, in general, adding aluminium to polypropylene has the effect of reducing the mechanical properties of the polymer. The effect of aluminium concentration on the slope of the steady-state wears per unit load for impregnated polypropylene. It can be seen that small concentrations of silicone rubber have only a slight effect on the steady state wear rate. This effect is attributed to the lubricating effect of the fluid, which migrated to the surface that reduces the coefficient of friction and in turn reduces temperature rise .FEA results are analyzed for deformation and equivalent stress, static stress test conducted, and experimental test also conducted.

Electricity is the greatest demand now a days, for all developing countries, many steps have been taken for the production of electricity by employing various power plant to overcome the needs or demand. The main objective of this project is that the CFD analysis on generating electricity from the industrial exhaust by using turbocharger. Flue gas from various industries are exhausted as waste in large quantities, thus the exhaust flue gas from any industry is utilized for producing electricity by using commercially available turbocharger. In this project the nozzle is designed and analyzed for increasing the flue gas velocity. The design of the nozzle is based on flue gas passage duct in small scale power plant industry, the parameter and boundary condition values are taken from this industry for analyzing the nozzle. After that the turbocharger is designed and analyzed, based on the performance of turbocharger dynamo selection is done for generating electric current

This work presents the effects of hollow glass microsphere fillers on the mechanical behavior of glass fiber reinforced epoxy binding matrix composites. Properties like flexural stiffness, tensile strength, and scanning electron microscope, will be studied .The mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced epoxy-resin/hollow glass-microsphere composites can be suitably tailored by using microspheres with different weight fractions. Because HGM have high specific compressive strength, low density, low moisture absorption and high thermal stability, it is mixed in glass fiber – epoxy mixture to get some useful properties which are highly useful in marine applications. Finite element analysis will be carried out on glass fiber reinforced HGM epoxy composite by ANSYS to measure up deviation between analytical and experimental result.

Evolving of the polymer composites with natural fibres as a sustainable surrogate material for some engineering applications, distinctly in aerospace applications and automobile application are being probed. Natural fibre composite such as sisal, betelnut polymer composite appear more attractive due to their higher specific strength ,lightweight and low cost. In this study, sisal and betel nut fibre reinforced polymer composite are prepared and their mechanical properties such as tensile strength compressive strength are evaluated . This composite is prepared by using compression moulding method with 10,15 wt % of sisal and betelnut fibre in to polymer matrix. Morphological analysis was carried out in tensile and compressive sample composite using SEM to analyse the fracture mechanism.

In this paper computational studies are carried out to obtain the aerodynamic characteristics of winglets added with small horizontal axis wind turbine rotor blades. To develop a small horizontal axis wind turbine rotor blade with and without winglets. Usages of small wind turbines are limited due to their limitations in self starting, low wind speed conditions and efficiency. The winglets added with small wind turbines, is to reduce the self-starting requirement and to improve the power coefficient of wind turbine system. NACA airfoil profile is considered for analysis of wind turbine blade. NACA 63215 airfoil profile used in the root section modified NACA 63(2)215 airfoil used in the mid section and NACA 63415 airfoil used in the tip section of the rotor blade. In this paper focuses on winglet height, cant angle and curvature radius which effects on small horizontal axis wind turbine in order to improve the coefficient of power. Five rotor models are designed. Among five rotor models one of the model without winglet and four of the models with variation in height, cant angle and radius of curvature. Wind turbine blade having winglets for different angle foe aerodynamic performances. CREO software is used to design a small wind turbine blade with and without winglet. By using Ansys fluent 14.5 CFD software used for Analysing of wind turbine blade with and without winglets

This paper reviews the design optimization of wind turbine blades through investigating the design methods and analyzing the performance of the blades. Blade geometric design addresses the design parameters, including airfoils and their aerodynamic coefficients, attack angles, design tip speed ratio, design and/or rated wind speed, rotor diameter, blade aerodynamic shape with chord length and twist distributions, so that the blade achieves an optimum power performance. Here, an s809 airfoil with different chord and root twist angle of 40 degree is designed for 3metere blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been used to calculate the aerodynamic effect on the blade airfoil at angle of attack of 0, 5, 10, 15 degree. Constant wind speed of 8m/s has been considered during analysis under turbulence model spallart-almaras. Power performance was predicted from the analysis results. The result indicate that the co efficient of power at higher angle of attach is high compared to lower angle of attack.

Wireless Broadband services heavily rely on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique. OFDM has several advantages which makes it suitable for high speed data communications. One of the major drawback of OFDM is its high peak-to- average power ratio (PAPR). There are several methods to overcome this drawback. Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) is one of them. In this paper, a modified version of the iterative flipping algorithm has been proposed i.e. modified flipping PTS (M-PTS) , which reduces the performance gap between the iterative flipping algorithm (I-PTS) and the conventional PTS technique. In the proposed algorithm, performance analysis has been done with considering performance/ complexity trade-off